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Fenerbahçe S.K.
Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü ((:feˈnɛrbaht͡ʃe), Fenerbahçe Sports Club), known as Fenerbahçe or just Fener, is a major Turkish multi-sports club, based in Istanbul, Turkey.
==Early years==
Founded as a football club in 1907 in Istanbul, Ottoman Empire, by a group of local men. The club's name comes from Fenerbahçe of Istanbul. Fenerbahçe is one of the most supported clubs〔http://www.milliyet.com.tr/Pazar/HaberDetay.aspx?aType=HaberDetay&ArticleID=1126311&KategoriID=26〕 in Turkey. Fenerbahçe is a multi-sports club and competes in football, basketball, volleyball, athletics, swimming, sailing, rowing, boxing and table tennis with many major honours won in each.
The club has 309,026 paid members as of 16 September 2012.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Fenerbahçe Kart )〕 Fenerbahçe Spor Külübü was founded in 1907 in Kadıköy, Istanbul, by local men Ziya Songülen (then Nurizade Ziya Bey), Ayetullah Bey and Enver Necip Okaner (then Enver Necip Bey). This group of individuals founded the club secretly in order to keep a low profile and not get into any trouble with the strict Ottoman rule. So strict in fact that the Sultan, Abdul Hamid II, forbid that the Turkish youth may not set up a club nor engage in the game of football played by the English families that was watched in envy. Ziya Songülen was elected the first President of the club, Ayetullah Bey became the first General Secretary, and Enver Necip Okaner was given the post of the General Captain. The lighthouse situated on the Fenerbahçe cape was a big influence on the design of the club's first crest, which sported the yellow and white colors of daffodils around the lighthouse. The kits were also designed with yellow and white stripes.〔 The crest and the colors of the club were changed in 1910 when Hikmet Topuzer redesigned the badge and Ziya Songülen changed the colors to yellow and navy, still seen today. Fenerbahçe's activities were kept in secrecy until a legislation reform in 1908, when, under a new law, all football clubs had to register to exist legally.〔 Fenerbahçe joined the Istanbul League in 1909, finishing fifth in their first year. The founding line-up included Ziya Songülen, Ayetullah Bey, Necip Okaner, Galip Kulaksizoglu, Hassan Sami Kocamemi, Asaf Bespinar, Enver Yetiker, Sevkati Hulusi Bey, Fuat Hüsnü Kayacan, Hamit Hüsnü Kayacan, and Nasuhi Baydar. Fenerbahçe played against the staff of the Royal Navy that occupied Istanbul during the Turkish War of Independence. Some British soldiers formed football teams that were named after the players' speciality, for example Essex Engineers, Irish Guards, Grenadiers, and Artillery. These teams played against each other and against local football teams in Istanbul. Fenerbahçe won many of these matches. The Turkish Football Federation founded a professional national league in 1959, which continues today under the name of the Süper Lig. Fenerbahçe won the first tournament, beating Galatasaray 4–1 on aggregate. The next year, Fenerbahçe participated in the Champions League for the first time. They qualified through a 4–3 win over Csepel SC. They lost their first round game to OGC Nice 1–5 in a playoff game after drawing on aggregate. Fenerbahçe became the most successful Turkish club of the 1960s. They were also runners-up three times. In the Balkans Cup 1966–67 (a competition set up for Eastern European clubs from Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Turkey, and Yugoslavia that existed between the 1960–61 and 1993–94 seasons), Fenerbahçe won the cup after three matches against Greek club AEK Athens, making them the first Turkish club to win a non-domestic competition. This success would remain unparalleled by a Turkish club until Sarıyer and Samsunspor won the cup many years later in the 1990s.〔http://www.turkfutbolu.net/avrupakupalari/balkan.htm〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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